VANDA (Fruit)
Vanda consists of the dried fruit of Dendrophthoe falcata (Linn. f.) Ettingsh. syn. Loranthus falcatus Linn. f. (Fam. Loranthacem), an epiphyte, mostly on fruit trees, and distributed throughout India.
SYNONYMS
Sanskrit : Bandaka, Samharsa, Vrksadani, Vrksaruha
Assamese : —
Bengali : Maandaa
English : Mistletoe
Gujrati : Baando
Hindi : Bandaa
Kannada : –
Kashmiri : Ittikkanni, Itil
Malayalam : Baandagul, Banda
Marathi : Vrudhongo
Oriya : —
Punjabi : Pulluri
Tamil : Baadanikaa, Jiddu
Telugu : Jeevakamu
DESCRIPTION
a) Macroscopic
The fruit is an ovate pseudo berry, upto 3 mm in thickness and 3 to 8 mm in length; greenish-yellow when mature and turning brown when dry; the top of the fruit is crowned by a persistent calyculus; the fruit contains an elongated, flask-shaped seed upto 5 mm long and 2 mm thick, rugose, brown, hard, and enclosed in a shiny, viscid film.
b) Microscopic
T.S. of the pseudoberry shows the outer tissues of thalamus separated by a zone of viscid mass from the inner tissues of the seed. Fruit tissue consist of an outer epicarp formed of a single layer of epidermis composed of squarish or rounded, thickly cuticularized cells followed by 3 or 4 layers of thick walled, larged sized, squarish cells containing tannins; mesocarp consist of multiple layers of small relatively clear cells with interspersed groups of stone cells. Fruit wall delimited inside by multiple layers of large, rounded, thin walled parenchymatous cells containing yellow to dark brown tannins; the seed consists of an outer viscid zone delimited towards inside by a ring of tissues made of several layers of isodiametric cells mostly containing brown pigment in outer 2 or 3 layers and a ring of vascular bundles. Inner to this is a zone comprising of radially elongated, compactly arranged thin-walled cells rich in starch towords the center; centre of the seed occupied by a mass of uniform, isodiametric, parenchymatous embryonic cells.
Powder – Cellular debris and stone cells with circular striations 20 to 35 n are seen, groups of cells containing tannins also present.
IDENTITY, PURITY AND STRENGTH
Foreign matter Not more than 1 per cent, Appendix 2.2.2.
Total Ash Not more than 8 per cent, Appendix 2.2.3.
Acid-insoluble ash Not more than 1 per cent, Appendix 2.2.4.
Alcohol-soluble extractive Not less than 17 per cent, Appendix 2.2.6.
Water-soluble extractive Not less than 5 per cent, Appendix 2.2.7.
T.L.C.
T.L.C. of the alcoholic extract on silica gel ‘G’ plate (0.2 mm thick) using toluene: ethylacetate: acetic acid (5:4.5:0.5), shows under U.V. (366nm) spots at Rf. 0.23 (Greyish Black), 0.57, 0.72 (Pink), 0.81 (Blue), 0.89 (Pink). On spraying with anisaldehyde- sulphuric acid reagent and on heating the plate for ten minutes at 110o C spots appear at Rf. 0.22, 0.37 (Blue), 0.52 (Purple), 0.57 (Greyish Black), 0.67, 0.72 (Dark Blue), 0.75 (Purple).
PROPERTIES AND ACTION
Rasa : Madhura, Tikta, Kasaya
Guna : Laghu, Ruksa
Virya : Sita
Vipaka : Katu
Karma : Grahi, Kaphahara, Pittahara, Rasayana, Vatahara, Vrsya, Visaghna, Vranaropana, Raksoghna Sramahara, Grahanasana
IMPORTANT FORMULATIONS – (No formulations)
THERAPEUTIC USES – Asmari, Arsa, Kantharoga, Mutraghata, Mutrakrcchra, Mutraruja, Netraroga, Raktapitta, Slipada, Vatarakta, Vatavikara, Vrana, Mutrasarkara, Garbhasrava, Sopharoga, Amatisara, Visamjvara
DOSE – 10 – 20 ml.
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